As Muslims, do we believe that humans evolved from monkeys, or do we believe that the first human species was Prophet Adam (as) and Hawwa (as)?
Islam itself does not require certain beliefs about scientific matters, as long as one's scientific beliefs are compatible with the Qur'an.
The Qur'an speaks about the creation of Adam from clay. Many Muslims take that in a literal sense (Allah fashioned Adam from clay the way a person might make a statue).
However, some Muslims understand that verse in a way which is compatible with evolutionary theory, and that Allah used the evolution of species as a means to produce the human being from what was, originally, the earth.
There are some other viewpoints which are somewhat intermediate; for instance, the view that Allah created other homonids through evolution, and then intervened when it came to our forefather Adam to create or change him specifically.
Of course, from a scientific perspective, the theory of evolution as it applies to human beings is also a developing idea and may be revised or replaced in the future.
So, basically, there is no single view on this topic at present, and a Muslim can hold any idea as long as it is compatible with the basic ideas of the Qur'an (for instance, that Allah is the ultimate creator and had some intent behind the creation of Adam), and as long as they are trying to find out what is truest.